The general information and security measures

The general information

Base brake system

On cars KIA Sportage the standard base two-planimetric hydraulic brake system with vacuum strengthening is used. At refusal of any of contours (for example as a result of hermetic sealing infringement) the second continues to function in a normal mode, providing adequate braking of a vehicle. Forward wheels are equipped by brake mechanisms with ventilated disks, back - drum-type mechanisms. In addition the proportional valve-regulator of pressure providing dynamic updating of effort of braking of back wheels according to change of loading on a back axis of the car is built in a contour of a drive of back brake mechanisms. The lever lay brake has mechanical тросовый a drive connected to brake mechanisms of back wheels of the car.

The scheme of the organisation of base brake system of cars KIA Sportage

Pressure of a liquid in both contours is created having тандемную a design by the main brake cylinder (ГТЦ). Activation ГТЦ occurs at squeezing of a pedal of a foot brake. As a result of increase of hydraulic pressure in working contours of brake system pistons of wheel cylinders are squeezed out of cylinders, providing pressing of frictional kolodok/boots to brake disks / to working surfaces of drums of wheel assemblages.

The tank with a brake liquid is fixed on main the brake cylinder (ГТЦ) and supplies with a working body all hydraulic a path of brake system.

On petrol models the brake amplifier accumulates a part of the depression created in the inlet pipeline of the engine. On diesel models, in view of absence of such source of depression, the special vacuum pump is used. In case of need the special valve provides connection of a corresponding source of depression, providing with that strengthening of the influence developed by a pedal of a foot brake.

Electronic systems of antiblocking of brakes (ABS) and distributions of brake forces (EBD)

ABS

On the vehicles equipped with base brake system sharp squeezing of a pedal of a foot brake leads to blocking of wheels. Coupling of a protector with a road covering is thus broken and the car can go юзом, losing controllability. The system of antiblocking of brakes (ABS) prevents premature blocking of wheels, continuously operating speed of their rotation during braking at the expense of modulations of pressure of a hydraulic liquid in each of brake mechanisms.

Into a complete set of separate models KIA Sportage enters 4-channel ABS type MGH 10 with three wheel gauges and the equipped electropump the elektronno-hydraulic block of management.

The scheme of the organisation of system of antiblocking of brakes of cars KIA Sportage

Forward wheels are equipped by the individual wheel gauges fixed on assemblages of rotary fists, - gear rings (rotors) of gauges are planted on ступичные assemblages.

Details of installation of wheel gauges ABS

Back gauge ABS traces frequency of rotation of a box of differential in a reducer of not cutting back bridge. The gauge is inserted in картер a reducer and приболчивается to it, - the rotor fastens on a differential box (the Order of dismantling of a reducer of the back bridge see an illustration).

The principle of functioning ABS is explained on the scheme. The hydromodulator provides three operating conditions ABS: a mode of dump of pressure, a mode of deduction of pressure and a delivery mode.

The basic scheme of functioning ABS

Principle of functioning ABS

When ABS it is not involved, a food on electromagnetic valves does not move also they remain in the normal positions, i.e., inlet valves leave opened a contour connecting ГТЦ with wheel, while the final block channels wheel cylinders - tank GTTS, preventing thereby pressure dump.

As soon as ECU receives the information from any of wheel gauges about the beginning of blocking corresponding wheels/wheels, it develops a command on hydromodulator transition in a mode of dump of pressure, upon corresponding electromagnetic valves power supplies therefore inlet valves are closed move, interrupting giving of pressure from ГТЦ to wheel cylinders, final, on the contrary, open, providing dump of working pressure in corresponding contours.

When pressure in working contours falls to critical value, ECU provides hydromodulator switching in a mode of deduction by removal of a food from final valves which come back in normally closed position). Thus pressure dump in the system tank stops.

When ECU decides that the risk of blocking of wheels is completely prevented, it provides removal of a food from all valves of the hydromodulator and system comes back in a base delivery mode.

The described cycle repeats with frequency of hundred times in a second to a full stop of the car.

At malfunction revealing in an electric or hydraulic part of a control system the management block (ECU) systems provides with functioning ABS its transition in emergency operation in which a food from all valves of the hydromodulator acts in film, and in a combination of devices control lamp ABS (Controls and operation receptions see the Head) is activated. The base hydraulic brake system thus continues to function in a usual mode, providing adequate braking of the car. The driver at movement on a slippery road covering should observe extra care.

System EBD

With a view of prevention of risk of loss of the control over management as a result of drift at premature blocking of back wheels in brake systems of a base design the special valve-regulator regulating pressure in brake mechanisms of back wheels depending on loading on a back axis of the car is used. Thus the less loading, the smaller pressure moves on back wheel cylinders. As a result, during sharp braking when the car centre of gravity is displaced forward, the risk of blocking of back wheels before lobbies comes to naught. The basic lack of such scheme is conducting to increase in a brake way appreciable decrease in efficiency of functioning of back brakes.

Let's notice also that the form of ideal curve dependence of pressure in contours of back brakes from pressure in lobbies is defined also by individuality of structure of a material of frictional overlays of brake kolodok/boots. Thus, to achieve optimum distribution of brake forces mechanically it is not obviously possible basically.

One more lack of application of valves-regulators is absence of possibility of the organisation of the notification of the driver about their refusal. As a result, the risk of loss of the control over driving at sharp braking considerably increases.

Use in standard systems of antiblocking of brakes of the elektronno-hydraulic block of management has suggested an idea developers about possibility of the organisation of additional monitoring of the moment of the beginning of blocking of the back wheels, allowing to make controllable dump of pressure in a back brake contour with the minimum deviation from curve ideal dependence of distribution of brake forces.

The comparative diagrammes illustrating distinction in principles of functioning of the valve-regulator and system EBD

Thus the principle of the organisation of management of pressure dump in back brake mechanisms is similar to a principle used in ABS: switching of electromagnetic valves of the hydromodulator carried out under control ECU.

The basic scheme of functioning of system EBD

System EBD application allows in essential measure to reduce length of a brake way and to lower the effort necessary for squeezing of a pedal of a foot brake. Besides, the effect of decrease in efficiency of functioning of brakes as a result of a warming up of frictional overlays колодок forward wheels at the expense of increase of return of back brake mechanisms is compensated.

One more positive property EBD is possibility of the organisation of the prevention of the driver about a system exit out of operation, - the standard control lamp of brake system/raising of a lay brake (Controls and operation receptions see the Head) is for this purpose used.

As at functioning EBD the electric pump of the hydromodulator system functioning, in difference from ABS is not used, does not interrupt even at a critical voltage reduction of the storage battery. The comparative scheme of functioning of systems ABS and EBD is presented in the table.

Infringement	System		Control lamp
	ABS	EBD	ABS	EBD
No	Functions	Functions	Выкл	Выкл
Refusal of one of wheel gauges	Does not function	Functions	Вкл	Выкл
Electropump refusal	Does not function	Functions	Вкл	Выкл
Critical voltage reduction of the battery	Does not function	Functions	Вкл	Выкл
Refusal of several gauges, refusal of valves, refusal ECU, other refusals	Does not function	Does not function	Вкл	Вкл

Operations procedure at operation of control lamp ABS during movement

Security measures

The brake liquid is among highly toxic and chemically aggressive connections and at hit on кузовные panels destroys a paint and varnish covering! The brake dust developed in the course of wear process brake колодок can contain unhealthy the person asbestos, - at all do not inhale it at clearing of brake mechanisms! Work with brake system demands special cleanliness and exact observance of instructions. In the absence of necessary experience it is expedient to address on HUNDRED.

In the course of rotation of a wheel the moisture under the influence of centrifugal force is dumped from brake disks, but there is a silicone film, products истирания rubbers, greasing and the other pollution reducing efficiency of braking! After installation new brake колодок the last should be earned extra, - try to avoid sharp braking the first 200 km of run after replacement performance! The disk brake mechanisms damaged by corrosion at braking create the effect of jolting which is not disappearing in due course, - replace disks! Dirt burning to a surface brake колодок lead to formation of furrows on a surface of brake disks that leads to decrease in efficiency of braking!